Don in Scrabble and Meaning

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Definitions and meaning of don

don

English

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /dɒn/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /dɑn/
• Homophones: Don; dawn (cot–caught merger)
• Rhymes: -ɒn

Etymology 1

From Latin dominus (“lord, head of household”), akin to Italian don, Sicilian don, Spanish don; from domus (“house”). Doublet of dom, domine, dominie, and dominus.

Noun

don (plural dons)

2. A university professor, particularly one at Oxford or Cambridge.
3. An employee of a university residence who lives among the student residents.
4. A mafia boss.
5. A (usually Spanish or Italian) title of respect to a man, especially a lord or nobleman.

   Coordinate term: donna
6. (MLE) Any man, bloke, dude.

   Synonym: donny

Derived terms

Related terms

• donzel

Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English don (“to put on”), from Old English dōn on; equivalent to do +‎ on. Compare also doff, dup, dout.

Verb

don (third-person singular simple present dons, present participle donning, simple past and past participle donned)

1. (transitive) To put on clothing; to dress (oneself) in an article of personal attire.

   Synonyms: put on, clothe, dight, enrobe; see also Thesaurus:clothe

   Antonym: doff

Derived terms

Translations

See also

• put on
• wear

See also

• ram-don (etymologically unrelated)

Anagrams

• NOD, ODN, nod

Albanian

Alternative forms

• do (Standard Albanian)

Etymology

Gheg variant of Standard Albanian do (“(it) wants, needs, loves, likes”) and do (“you want, need, love, like”).

Verb

don (aorist dashta, participle dashtë) (Gheg forms)

1. you want, need

   A don me shkue? (Gheg) ― Do you want to go?

2. you like

   Rita e don Gjergjin. (Gheg) ― Rita likes/wants George.

3. you love
4. it wants, needs
5. it likes
6. it loves

Conjugation

• Standard Albanian conjugation:

Related terms

Azerbaijani

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Proto-Turkic *tōn. Cognate with Chuvash тум (tum).

Noun

don (definite accusative donu, plural donlar)

1. dress (worn by women)

   Synonym: paltar

2. gown (loose, flowing upper garment)
3. (figurative) raiment, attire, garb, habiliments
4. appearance, look (of a person)

Declension

Derived terms

• donatmaq (“adorn”) (dialectal)
  • donanmaq
• donlu

Related terms

• donanma (“fleet; navy”)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Turkic *doŋ (“frozen; frost”). See Bashkir туң (tuñ) for more cognates.

Adjective

don (comparative daha don, superlative ən don)

1. frozen, congealed

Noun

don (definite accusative donu, plural donlar)

1. frost
2. ice-covered ground, black ice

Derived terms

• donmaq
  • dondurmaq
    • dondurma (“ice-cream”)

Further reading

• “don” in Obastan.com.

Balinese

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dahun.

Noun

don (Balinese script ᬤᭀᬦ᭄)

1. leaf

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*dahun”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Bambara

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [dõ˦õ˨]

Noun

don

1. day

Etymology 2

Verb

don (tone dòn)

1. (intransitive) to enter
2. (transitive) to put (something into something)
3. to put on, wear (of clothing)

Derived terms

• donda

Etymology 3

Predicative

don (tone dòn)

1. marks the predicate

References

• 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

Breton

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *duβn, from Proto-Celtic *dubnos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰubʰnós.

Adjective

don

1. deep

Casiguran Dumagat Agta

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *dahun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dahun.

Noun

dön

1. leaf (of a plant)

Czech

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish don, which is from Latin dominus (“lord”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈdon]
• Rhymes: -on

Noun

don m anim

1. (in Italian environment) (Originally a title of honour of the Pope, later used for all priests and later for aristocrats)

   don Giovanni ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. (Spanish noble title) [19th c.]
3. (title of respect in front of Spanish given names)

   don José ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

4. don (maffia boss)

Declension

Related terms

Further reading

• Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “don”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, page 153
• "don" in Věra Petráčková, Jiří Kraus et al. Akademický slovník cizích slov. Academia, 1995, ISBN 80-200-0497-1, page 175.
• “don”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “don”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

Anagrams

• dno

Dupaningan Agta

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *dahun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dahun.

Noun

don

1. leaf (of a plant)

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French don, from Latin dōnum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dɔ̃/
• Homophones: dom, dons, dont

Noun

don m (plural dons)

1. gift, talent, knack
2. gift (present)
3. donation

Derived terms

• don de sang
• don du ciel

Derived terms

• faire don

Further reading

• “don”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Gagauz

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /don/

Etymology 1

Ultimately Inherited from Proto-Turkic *tōn. Cognate with Turkish don. Distantly related to Russian штаны (štany).

Noun

don (definite accusative donu, plural donnar)

1. pants, trousers

   Synonyms: pantalon, çaaşır

Declension

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Ultimately Proto-Turkic *toŋ.

Adjective

don (comparative taa don, superlative en don)

1. frozen, congealed

   don er ― frozen ground

2. frozen, immobile
3. frozen; flabbergasted, appealed, shocked

Related terms

Further reading

• Çebotar, Petri, Dron, Ion (2002) “don”, in Gagauzça-Rusça-Romınca Sözlük [Gagauz-Russian-Romanian Dictionary], Chișinău: Pontos Press, →ISBN, page 209
• Kopuşçu M. İ. , Todorova S. A. , Kiräkova T.İ., editors (2019), “don”, in Gagauzça-rusça sözlük: klaslar 5-12, Komrat: Gagauziya M.V. Maruneviç adına Bilim-Aaraştırma merkezi, →ISBN, page 56

Galician

Etymology

From Late Latin domnus, from Latin dominus (“lord”). Cognates include Spanish don.

Noun

don m (plural dons, feminine dona, feminine plural donas)

1. sir, mister

Synonyms

• (courtesy treatment): señor

Related terms

• dono

Further reading

• “don”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025

Irish

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

• do’n (superseded)
• ’on (colloquial)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d̪ˠənˠ/
• (Galway) IPA^(key): /ɡənˠ/

Contraction

don

1. contraction of do an

   Thug mé don bhuachaill é. ― I gave it to the boy.

   Tá mé ag dul don Spáinn. ― I'm going to Spain.

Usage notes

This contraction is obligatory, i.e. *do an never appears uncontracted. It triggers lenition of a following consonant other than d, s, or t.

Related terms

Etymology 2

From Old Irish don (“misfortune, evil”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d̪ˠɔnˠ/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /d̪ˠʌnˠ/

Noun

don

1. misfortune

Usage notes

Used only in a few stock maledictions such as Do dhon is do dhuais ort!, Don is duais ort!, Mo dhon is mo dhograinn ort! (all basically "bad luck to you!") and Don d’fhiafraí ort! (“Don’t be so inquisitive!”).

Derived terms

Mutation

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “don”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “don”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “don”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025

Italian

Alternative forms

• dom (archaic)

Etymology

From a shortening of an earlier donno, from dom'no (used by Dante), from Latin domnus < dominus. Compare Sicilian don.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdɔn/
• Rhymes: -ɔn
• Hyphenation: dòn

Noun

don m (invariable)

1. Father (a title given to priests)
2. a title of respect to a man

Descendants

• → French: dom

Jamaican Creole

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdan/
• Hyphenation: don

Etymology 1

Derived from English don, particularly in the sense of a crime boss.

Noun

don (plural don dem, quantified don)

1. don, leader, community leader, crime boss, head of a garrison

Derived terms

• don dada

Etymology 2

Derived from English done.

Verb

don

1. As an auxiliary verb:
   1. (auxiliary, taking a past tense) Used as a remote past marker
2. to order to cease, to desist (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)

Adjective

don

1. done, finished, completed (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)

Further reading

• Larry Chang (2014) Biesik Jumiekan: Introduction to Jamaican Language, Chuu Wod, →ISBN, page 200

Japanese

Romanization

don

1. Rōmaji transcription of どん
2. Rōmaji transcription of ドン

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English dōn, from Proto-West Germanic *dōn, from Proto-Germanic *dōną.

Alternative forms

• donne, doyn, do, doon

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /doːn/
• Rhymes: -oːn

Verb

don

1. To do, perform (an activity)
2. To complete, finish
3. To make, create
4. To put, place, position, raise
5. To remove, take away
6. To go or move (in a specified direction)
7. To behave (in a specified manner)
8. (auxiliary) To cause (an action or state)
9. (auxiliary) Emphasises the verb that follows it
10. (auxiliary) Stands in for a verb in a dependent clause

Usage notes

As in modern English, several uses of this verb are highly idiomatic.

Conjugation

Derived terms

• doer

Descendants

• English: do
• Geordie English: de, dee, div
• Scots: dae, dee (Doric)
• Yola: doone, deen

References

• “dọ̄n, v.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-03-12.
• Wright, Joseph, and Elizabeth Mary Wright. An Elementary Middle English Grammar, p193. Oxford University Press, 1923.

Etymology 2

From Old English dōn on.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dɔn/

Verb

don

1. (Late Middle English) to put on

Conjugation

Descendants

• English: don
• Yola: don

References

• “don, v.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Middle Low German

Etymology

From Old Saxon dōn.

Verb

dôn

1. to do

Conjugation

Irregular: present 1sg dô, 2sg deist (dôst, dṏst), 3sg deit (dôt, dṏt), pl. dôn, dôt, dṏt, preterit 1sg dede, 2sg dêdest, 3sg dede, pl. dêden, past participle gedân, dân

Nigerian Pidgin

Etymology

From English done.

Verb

don

1. has/have (perfect aspect auxiliary)

Northern Kurdish

Alternative forms

• dihn, dohin, dohn, duhn, dwîn

Etymology

From Arabic دُهْن (duhn). But compare Turkish donyağı, don yağı (“tallow”), which is said to be from the root of donmak (“to freeze”).

Noun

don m

1. (melted) fat, grease

   Synonym: bez

   Bîne nanê genimî, duhn bide, bêxe leşê min, ezê sax bim. ― Bring wheat bread, spread it with fat, put it on my body and I shall be cured [i.e., come to life again].

References

• Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “don”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume I, London: Transnational Press, page 201b
• Gülensoy, Tuncer (1994) “don”, in Kürtçenin Etimolojik Sözlüğü [Etymological Dictionary of Kurdish]‎^[4] (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, page 65

Northern Sami

Etymology 1

From Proto-Samic *tonë.

Pronunciation

• (Kautokeino) IPA^(key): /ˈton/

Pronoun

don

1. you (singular)

Inflection

See also

Further reading

• Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎^[5], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• (Kautokeino) IPA^(key): /ˈtoːn/

Determiner

dōn

1. accusative/genitive singular of dōt

Occitan

Etymology

From Latin dōnum.

Pronunciation

Noun

don m (plural dons)

1. gift (something given to another voluntarily)
2. gift (a talent or natural ability)
3. donation (a voluntary gift or contribution for a specific cause)

Related terms

• dar
• donar

Old English

Alternative forms

• doan — Anglian
• doa, doæ, doe — Northumbrian

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *dōn (“to do”). The exact development of past tense forms dyde, dydest, and dydon is unexplained, for such forms have -y- instead of expected *-e- (*dede, *dedest, *dedon) from Proto-Germanic past stem *ded-/*dēd-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /doːn/

Verb

dōn

1. to do
   • c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English

   • c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Matthew 17:12

   • late 10th century, Ælfric, the Old English Hexateuch, Genesis 41:55

   • c. 995, Ælfric, Extracts on Grammar in English

   • c. 992, Ælfric, "Sermon on the Beginning of Creation"

   • late 10th century, Ælfric, the Old English Hexateuch, Genesis 3:8

2. to make, cause
   • c. 992, Ælfric, "The Passion of St. Bartholomew the Apostle"

   • c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Matthew 3:3

   • c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Matthew 4:19

   • late 10th century, Ælfric, the Old English Hexateuch, Genesis 42:36

   • c. 992, Ælfric, "The Nativity of St. Andrew the Apostle"

   • late 10th century, Ælfric, "Memory of the Saints"

3. to put
   • c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Mark 7:33

   • c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Matthew 26:52

   • late 10th century, Ælfric, the Old English Hexateuch, Genesis 9:23

4. to add
5. to take off, remove
   • late 10th century, Ælfric, the Old English Hexateuch, Exodus 3:5

6. to treat someone (+ dative) a certain way
   • c. 973, Æthelwold, translation of the Rule of Saint Benedict

   • late 9th century, King Alfred's translation of Boethius' The Consolation of Philosophy

   • c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Luke 16:19

7. to give (+dative)
   • late 10th century, Ælfric, "Chair of Saint Peter"

Usage notes

• Old English does not have do-support. While dōn does have auxiliary function in Old English, such uses are purely causative, equivalent to modern "to make" or "to cause to" (as per sense 2 above). Therefore, when asking "do you hate me?", one would say hatast þū mē? (literally "hatest thou me?"), not dēst þū mē hatian? (which would instead mean "do you make me hate?").
• There are some emphatic uses of dōn that bear some resemblance to do-support constructions, often involving the ǣġþer ġe ("both ... and ...") construction and other verbs in apposition, although the apposed verbs are finite rather than infinitives. In such contexts, dōn is generally better translated with "to be", and the apposed verbs with participles or adjectives as necessary: sē catt dēþ ǣġþer ġe slǣpð ġe wacaþ ("the cat is both asleep and awake", or if translated with do-support, "the cat does both sleep and be awake").
• Dōn can be used as a pro-verb (i.e. standing in for another verb, generally replacing one that was previously mentioned to avoid repetition), like the modern verb: Hatast þū mē swā swā hēo dēþ? ("Do you hate me like she does?")

Conjugation

Derived terms

Descendants

• Middle English: don, donne, doyn, do, doon
  • English: do
  • Geordie English: de, dee, div
  • Scots: dae, dee (Doric)
  • Yola: doone, deen

References

• Joseph Bosworth, T. Northcote Toller (1898) “don”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, second edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Old French

Alternative forms

• dun

Etymology

From Latin donum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dun/

Noun

don oblique singular, m (oblique plural dons, nominative singular dons, nominative plural don)

1. gift

Descendants

• French: don
• → Middle English: done

Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [don]

Etymology 1

Univerbation of di (“of/from”) +‎ in (“the sg”)

Article

don

1. of/from the sg

Alternative forms

• dond, dont, dun, dund

Etymology 2

Univerbation of do (“to/for”) +‎ in (“the sg”)

Article

don

1. to/for the sg

Alternative forms

• dond, dont, dun, dund, dúnn

Etymology 3

Noun

don (gender unknown)

1. misfortune, evil

Descendants

• Irish: don

Mutation

Old Saxon

Alternative forms

• doan
• dūan
• duon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *dōn. Compare Old English dōn, Old Frisian dwā, dūa, duā, Old Dutch duon, Old High German tuon.

Verb

dōn

1. to do
   • 9th c. Heliand, verse 1456

2. to put
   • 9th c. Heliand, verse 4389-4390

Conjugation

Derived terms

Descendants

• Middle Low German: dôn
  • Low German: deoen (Paderbornisch), dohn (Münsterländisch); doon

References

Köbler, Gerhard, Altsächsisches Wörterbuch (5th edition 2014)

Old Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /(ˈ)don/

Etymology 1

From Late Latin dom, from domnus (“master, sir”), from Latin dominus, from domus (“a house”).

Noun

don m (plural dones)

1. (honorific) sir, master; a title prefixed to male given names

Descendants

• Spanish: don (see there for further descendants)

Etymology 2

From Latin dōnum (“a gift”), from dō (“I give”).

Noun

don m (plural dones)

1. gift, talent

Descendants

• Spanish: don

Etymology 3

Shortening of dont.

Adverb

don

1. apocopic form of dont; where

Descendants

• Spanish: do

Scottish Gaelic

Alternative forms

• dhan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t̪ɔn̪ˠ/
• Hyphenation: don

Preposition

don (+ dative)

1. (higher register) contraction of do an

   Chaidh i don bhùth. ― She went to the shop.

Usage notes

• Like the bare article an, don triggers lenition if the following noun begins with f, c and g.
• In the modern language this form is considered to be high register, with dhan being generally more common.

References

• Colin Mark (2003) “do”, in The Gaelic-English dictionary, London: Routledge, →ISBN, page 235

Sicilian

Alternative forms

• ron (rhoticized)
• do', ro' (apocoped)

Etymology

Both from the shortening of the earlier donnu (“master, sir”) or from Late Latin dom, ultimately from Latin domnus > dominus (“master, owner”), itself from domus (“a house”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dɔn/ (Standard)
• IPA^(key): /ɾɔn/ (Rhotacized)
• Rhymes: -on
• Hyphenation: don

Noun

don m (plural donni)

1. (obsolete) sir, master, lord
2. (obsolete) social honorary title referred to men possessing patrimonial assets
3. a title of respect to a man, especially older, prefixed to first names

Coordinate terms

• (gender): donna
• (age): carusu

Related terms

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdon/ [ˈd̪õn]
• Rhymes: -on
• Syllabification: don

Etymology 1

Inherited from Late Latin dom (“a courtesy title for monks and abbots”), from domnus (“master, sir”), from Classical Latin dominus, from domus (“a house”).

Noun

don m (plural dones, feminine doña, feminine plural doñas)

1. (obsolete) sir, master, lord
2. a title of respect to a man, prefixed to first names

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

• → Catalan: don
• → Czech: don
• → Tagalog: Don

Etymology 2

From Latin dōnum (“a gift”) (whence English donation), from dō (“to give”).

Noun

don m (plural dones)

1. gift, present
2. gift, talent, knack

Usage notes

• Like with the English word "knack", don can be used to describe a positive gift or talent, or a negative one like a bad habit or a neutral tendency to do something.

Derived terms

Related terms

Further reading

• “don”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

Sranan Tongo

Etymology

From Dutch dom.

Adjective

don

1. stupid

Noun

don

1. stupidity

Descendants

• → Caribbean Javanese: dong
• → Kari'na: don
• → Saramaccan: dón

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from Low German don (“"doing," work, thing”), from Low German don (“do”), which is cognate with English do, German tun.

Noun

don n

1. a tool, an implement

   Synonym: (colloquial) doning

Declension

Derived terms

References

• don in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• don in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• don in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• ond

Turkish

Etymology 1

From Ottoman Turkish طون (don), from Proto-Turkic *tōn.

Noun

don

1. underpants
2. jogging pants
3. pants
4. shorts

Etymology 2

From Ottoman Turkish طوڭ (doñ), from Proto-Turkic *toŋ. Cognate with Chuvash тӑм (tăm), also related to Chinese 凍 / 冻 (dòng).

Noun

don

1. frost

Verb

don

1. second-person singular imperative of donmak

Related terms

• donma
• donmak

References

Uzbek

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian دانه (dāna).

Noun

don

1. grain

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [zɔn˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [jɔŋ˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [jɔŋ˧˧]

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

• đon

Noun

(classifier con) don

1. Asiatic brush-tailed porcupine (Atherurus macrourus)

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

(classifier con) don

1. (Quảng Ngãi) kind of clam

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Adjective

don • (𤈊, 燉, 𱱤) (diminutive reduplication don don)

1. withered and shrunken

Derived terms

• héo don

West Makian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d̪on̪/

Noun

don

1. a cape, headland

References

• Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎^[8], Pacific linguistics

Yogad

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *dahun, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *dahun.

Noun

don

1. leaf (of a plant)

Yola

Etymology

From Middle English don, from Old English dōn on.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dɔn/

Verb

don

1. To put on, as clothes, dress.

   Synonyms: deen, dieeght

References

• Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 36

Zazaki

Noun

don

1. kind of bread

Zou

Verb

don

1. drink

References

• http://www.languageinindia.com/feb2013/zouphonologyfinal.pdf

Source: wiktionary.org