Definitions and meaning of may
may
Pronunciation
- enPR: mā, IPA(key): /meɪ/
-
- Rhymes: -eɪ
Etymology 1
From Middle English mowen, mayen, moȝen, maȝen, from Old English magan, from Proto-West Germanic *magan, from Proto-Germanic *maganą, from Proto-Indo-European *megʰ-.
Cognate with Dutch mag (“may”, first and third-person singular of mogen (“to be able to, be allowed to, may”)), Low German mögen, German mag (“like”, first and third-person singular of mögen (“to like, want, require”)), Swedish må, Icelandic mega, megum. See also might.
Alternative forms
Verb
may (third-person singular simple present may, no present participle, simple past might, no past participle)
- (obsolete, intransitive) To be strong; to have power (over). [8th–17th c.]
- (obsolete, auxiliary) To be able; can. [8th–17th c.]
- (intransitive, poetic) To be able to go. [from 9th c.]
- (modal auxiliary verb, defective) To have permission to, be allowed. Used in granting permission and in questions to make polite requests. [from 9th c.]
- Synonyms: can, could, might
- (modal auxiliary verb, defective) Expressing a present possibility; possibly. [from 13th c.]
- Synonyms: could, might
- (subjunctive present, defective) Expressing a wish (with present subjunctive effect). [from 16th c.]
- Synonym: might
- Used in modesty, courtesy, or concession, or to soften a question or remark.
Usage notes
- May is now a defective verb. It has no infinitive, no past participle, and no future tense. Forms of to be allowed to are used to replace these missing tenses.
- The simple past (both indicative and subjunctive) of may is might.
- The present tense is negated as may not, which can be contracted to mayn't, although this is old-fashioned; the simple past is negated as might not, which can be contracted to mightn't.
- May has archaic second-person singular present forms mayest and mayst.
- Usage of this word in the sense of possibly is considered incorrect by some speakers and writers, as it blurs the meaning of the word in the sense have permission to. These speakers and writers prefer to use the word might instead.
- Conversely, since may not is particularly likely to promote confusion between the senses of "will possibly not" and "is forbidden to," some rules for the drafting of laws and regulations proscribe "may not" and require the use of "must not" or similar for clarity. Example: [2]
- Wishes are often cast in the imperative rather than the subjunctive mood, not using the word may, as in Have a great day! rather than May you have a great day. The use of may for this purpose may lend a more formal, literary, or solemn feeling (perhaps jocularly so) to the wish. Moreover, wishes in the subjunctive need not use may if the meaning is clear without it, which is the case mainly for established expressions in the third-person singular such as God help you.
Derived terms
Translations
See also
- Appendix:English modal verbs
- Appendix:English tag questions
Etymology 2
French mai, so called because it blossoms in the month of May.
Noun
may (uncountable)
- The hawthorn bush or its blossoms.
Derived terms
Translations
Verb
may (third-person singular simple present mays, present participle maying, simple past and past participle mayed)
- (poetic, intransitive) To gather may, or flowers in general.
- (poetic, intransitive) To celebrate May Day.
Etymology 3
From Middle English may, maye (“woman, maid, girl, virgin”), from Old English mǣġ (“kinswoman”), from Proto-West Germanic *māg, from Proto-Germanic *mēgaz (“kinsman”). Related to Old English māge, mǣġe (“kinswoman”) and Old English mǣġ (“kinsman”).
Noun
may (plural mays)
- (archaic) A maiden.
Anagrams
- Amy, MYA, Mya, Yam, mya, yam
Azerbaijani
Etymology
Borrowed from Russian май (maj).
Pronunciation
Noun
may (definite accusative mayı, plural maylar)
- (North Azerbaijani) May
- Synonym: (South Azerbaijani) مه (mə)
Declension
See also
- (Gregorian calendar months) ay; yanvar, fevral, mart, aprel, may, iyun, iyul, avqust, sentyabr, oktyabr, noyabr, dekabr (Category: az:Months)
Bikol Central
Verb
may
- there is
- to have
Synonyms
Antonyms
Crimean Tatar
Noun
may
- butter, oil
Declension
Synonyms
Kalasha
Determiner
may
- my
Pronoun
may
- me
Mapudungun
Adverb
may (Raguileo spelling)
- yes
References
- Wixaleyiñ: Mapucezugun-wigkazugun pici hemvlcijka (Wixaleyiñ: Small Mapudungun-Spanish dictionary), Beretta, Marta; Cañumil, Dario; Cañumil, Tulio, 2008.
Northern Kurdish
Noun
may m
- intervention
Derived terms
- mayê xwe tê dan
- maytêder
- maytêderî
- maytêker
- maytêkerî
- mayê xwe tê kirin
Pacoh
Etymology
From Proto-Katuic *maj, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *mi[i]ʔ.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
may
- you (second person singular pronoun)
Affixed forms
Quechua
Adverb
may
- where
- like, how, very
Derived terms
- maykama
- mayman
- maymanta
- maypi
See also
Pronoun
may
- (interrogative pronoun) which
Verb
may
- (transitive) to fear
Conjugation
Tagalog
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /maj/, [maɪ̯]
- (colloquial) IPA(key): /ˈme/, [ˈmɛ]
- (Batangas) IPA(key): /ˈmej/, [ˈmɛɪ̯]
Particle
may (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜌ᜔)
- particle used as an existential marker: to be; to have
- Synonyms: mayroon, meron
- Antonym: wala
Usage notes
- May is used immediately after the thing possessed or existing, whereas mayroon can be separated by enclitics (e.g. lang, kaya, and ako). Sentences like *may ako pagkain would be ungrammatical.
Derived terms
See also
Preposition
may (Baybayin spelling ᜋᜌ᜔)
- used after sa: by; around; near
Further reading
- “may”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Tat
Etymology
Cognate with Persian مادر (mâdar).
Noun
may
- mother
Tatar
Alternative forms
Noun
may
- May (Month of the Year)
Declension
See also
- Previous: äpril. * Next: yün
Uzbek
Etymology
From Russian май (maj), from Latin māius.
Noun
may (plural maylar)
- May
Declension
Related terms
- (Gregorian calendar months) oy; yanvar, fevral, mart, aprel, may, iyun, iyul, avgust, sentabr, oktabr, noyabr, dekabr (Category: uz:Months)
Vietnamese
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [maj˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [maj˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [ma(ː)j˧˧]
Etymology 1
Cognate with Muong băl.
Verb
may • (𦁼, 埋, 枚)
- to sew
Derived terms
See also
Etymology 2
Adjective
may • (𢆧, 埋, 𱜿, 𱝁, 枚, 𠶣)
- lucky
- Synonym: hên
Derived terms
Etymology 3
Noun
may • (埋, 枚)
- (now rarely in isolation) a cold breeze
See also
Walloon
Etymology
From Old French mai, from Latin Māius.
Pronunciation
Noun
may
- May (month)
See also
- (Gregorian calendar months) djanvî, fevrî, måss, avri, may, djun, djulete, awousse, setimbe, octôbe, nôvimbe, decimbe (Category: wa:Months)
Source: wiktionary.org