You can make 3 words from de according to the Scrabble US and Canada dictionary.
Definitions and meaning of de
de
Translingual
Etymology
(ISO 639-1): Clipping of GermanDeutsch
(radio slang): From Frenchde.
Symbol
de
(international standards)ISO 639-1 language code for German.
Coordinate term:deu
(radio slang) from (operator), this is (operator)
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Russianдэ(dɛ).
Noun
de (pluraldes)
The name of the Cyrillic script letter Д / д.
Etymology 2
Alternative forms
dee(Northumberland)
Verb
de (third-person singular simple presentdiz, present participledein, simple pastdid, past participledyun)
(Northumbria)Alternative form of dee(“to do”).
References
Frank Graham (1987) The New Geordie Dictionary, →ISBN
Newcastle 1970s, Scott Dobson and Dick Irwin, [3]
Northumberland Words, English Dialect Society, R. Oliver Heslop, 1893–4
A Dictionary of North East Dialect, Bill Griffiths, 2005, Northumbria University Press, →ISBN
Etymology 3
Article
de
(African-American Vernacular, Bermuda, Caribbean, Jamaica)Pronunciation spelling of the.
Etymology 4
Interjection
de
A meaningless unstressed syllable used when singing a tune or indicating a rhythm.
Etymology 5
Borrowed from Frenchde(“of”).
Preposition
de
(historical)Used in the titles of French nobility; of.
References
“de, prep.”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
Anagrams
-ed, -èd, E.D., ED, Ed, Ed., ed, ed-, ed.
Albanian
Etymology
Compare Romaniandi, employed with horses or oxen for the same purpose.
Interjection
de
Denotes intensity, often after imperatives or some adverbs.
Fol de! ― Speak!
Ashtu de! ― This manner! (expressing happiness or satisfaction for the work done)
Hë të lumtë goja, de! ― May thy mouth be blessed!
Spurs a horse to move: giddyup
Further reading
“de”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
“de”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language][6] (in Albanian), 1980
Alemannic German
Alternative forms
der(preconsonantic & prevocalic)
der(prevocalic, besides preconsonantic de)
d'r, dr(Bern)
Article
de
(definite) the
1879, Leonhard Steiner, Glärnisch-Fahrt. Gedicht in Zürcher Mundart, p. 10:
[...] Fründ der Natur [...]
1879, Leonhard Steiner, Glärnisch-Fahrt. Gedicht in Zürcher Mundart, p. 30:
[...]; der erst und de zweit Stock [...]
Dichtungen in Thurgauer Mundart. Gesammelt von O. Sutermeister, published in Zürich by Verlag von Orell Füßli & Co., I. Teil, p. 5:
[...] so luted der erst Atrag, wo bi der Umfrog vom Pfleger Heieri Guetchnecht vorbrocht würd.
Dichtungen in Thurgauer Mundart. Gesammelt von O. Sutermeister, I. Teil, p. 13:
[...] wo die Flüchtigkeit der Zeit den Ernst des Läbens dem Gemüeti näher bringt.
Dichtungen in Thurgauer Mundart. Gesammelt von O. Sutermeister, I. Teil, p. 34:
[...] i siner Eigeschaft als Fürst der Höll, der [...]
Dichtungen in Thurgauer Mundart. Gesammelt von O. Sutermeister, I. Teil, p. 52:
Was ihr an einem der Ärmsten und Gringste Liebes und Guets tüend, Das will ich achte, als heied ihr mir 's tue – so spricht jo der Heiland.
Dichtungen in Thurgauer Mundart. Gesammelt von O. Sutermeister, II. Teil, p. 23:
Mach mit den ander-n acht Moß, wa d'witt; [...]
Declension
Zürich:
Thurgau:
Asturian
Etymology
From Latindē.
Preposition
de
of, from
Usage notes
The preposition de contracts to d' before a word beginning with a vowel or h-: d'Asturies(“of Asturias”), d'hermanu(“of a brother”).
Derived terms
d'
del
Bambara
Pronunciation
IPA(key): [dè]
Particle
de
emphatic particle(placed directly after the word it modifies)
References
2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.
Basque
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /de/, [d̪e̞]
Noun
deinan
The name of the Latin-script letter D.
Declension
See also
(Latin-script letter names) a, be, ze, de, e, efe, ge, hatxe, i, jota, ka, ele, eme, ene, eñe, o, pe, ku, erre, ese, te, u, uve, uve bikoitz, ixa, i greko, zeta
Bavarian
Alternative forms
d'(unstressed form)
Etymology
Cognate with German Germandie.
Article
de
stressed nominative/accusative singular feminine of der
stressed nominative/accusative/dative plural of der
See also
Pronoun
de
she, her (accusative)
they, them
Synonyms
se
See also
Catalan
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
IPA(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencian)[ˈde]
Noun
def (pluraldes)
The name of the Latin-script letter D.
Etymology 2
From Latindē.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): (Central, Balearic)[də]
IPA(key): (Valencian)[de]
Preposition
de (before vowel or hd')
of, from
Further reading
“de” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Etymology 3
Verb
de
inflection of dar:
first/third-person singular present subjunctive
third-person singular imperative
Cebuano
Etymology
From Spanishde.
Preposition
de
(dated) of, from (only in names with Spanish origins or in phrases with Spanish construct)
Related terms
del, dela
Central Franconian
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /də/
Article
de (definite, reduced)
the
(most dialects)feminine nominative and accusative
(most dialects)plural nominative and accusative
(many dialects)plural dative
(some dialects)masculine nominative
(some dialects)masculine accusative
(few dialects)feminine dative
Usage notes
(masculine): Three territories must be distinguished: 1.) Ripuarian, in which the accusative takes the form of the nominative; 2.) western Moselle Franconian, in which the nominative takes the form of the accusative; 3.) eastern Moselle Franconian, in which nominative and accusative are distinct.
1.) In Ripuarian, the reduced masculine article in nominative and accusative is de only in a few places, including Bonn; most dialects have der. The full form is always dä.
2.) In western Moselle Franconian, the form is de, but becomes den before vowels, h-, and dental consonants. The full form is dän.
3.) In eastern Moselle Franconian, the reduced masculine article in the nominative is de in many dialects, der in others. The full form is där. The accusative takes den (full form: dän).
(feminine): Virtually all dialects use de as the reduced feminine article in nominative and accusative. The full form is die. In the dative, de is used in a few dialects of Ripuarian; the general form is der. The full form may be där or dä.
(plural): Virtually all dialects use de as the reduced plural article in nominative and accusative. The full form is die. In the dative, de is used in most dialects of Ripuarian. In Moselle Franconian the form is the same as the masculine accusative (see above). The full form of the dative plural may be dä, dän, or däne.
Westernmost Ripuarian has no case distinction whatsoever. Only the nominative forms are relevant for these dialects.
Declension
Ripuarian (scientific transcription by Münich with ę [ɛ] and ꝛ [ʁ]):
Ripuarian → Kölsch (as actually used):
Quotations
1875, Fritz Hönig, „Geschräppels.“ Humoresken. Erster Band, p. 34:
Ha geiht no noh'm Kobes öm Veetel op Aach, Verzällt imm dä ganzen Hergang der Saach.
Derived terms
em(en dem)
References
Grammatik der ripuarisch-fränkischen Mundart von Ferdinand Münch. Verlag von Friedrich Cohen, Bonn 1904, p. 138f. & 163f.
Cimbrian
Alternative forms
di(Luserna)
Article
de
(Sette Comuni) the; definite article for four declensions:
nominative singular feminine
accusative singular feminine
nominative plural
accusative plural
See also
References
“de” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
Dalmatian
Etymology
From Latindē.
Preposition
de
of
Related terms
dei
Danish
Etymology
From Old Danishthē, from Old Norseþeir, from Proto-Germanic*þai.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /di/, [d̥i]
Rhymes: -i
Article
depl
plural definite article
de grønne huse
the green houses
See also
den (common gender singular)
det (neuter gender singular)
Pronoun
de (as a personal pronoun, it has the forms dem in the oblique case and deres in the genitive; as a determiner, it is uninflected)
(personal pronoun) they (third-person plural)
(personal pronoun, nonstandard) they (gender-neutral third-person singular)
(determiner) those
2000, Mon farven har en anden lyd?: strejftog i 90'ernes musikliv og ungdomskultur i Danmark, Museum Tusculanum Press →ISBN, page 90
2015, Lynne Graham, Claire Baxter, Den lunefulde kærlighed/Min bedste ven, min elskede, Förlaget Harlequin AB →ISBN
See also
Dutch
Etymology
An unstressed variety of Middle Dutchdie. See die for more information.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /də/
Hyphenation: de
Rhymes: -ə
Article
de
the (definite article, masculine and feminine singular, plural)
De man ― The man (masculine singular)
De vrouw ― The woman (feminine singular)
Het boek ― The book (neuter singular)
De boeken ― The books (neuter plural)
De oude man en de zee. ― The old man and the sea.
Usage notes
Placed before masculine and feminine nouns in the singular and plural nouns of all genders, indicating a specific person or thing instead of a general case.
Inflection
There is also the clitic form 's for des. The oblique cases are archaic and found in contemporary Dutch only in fixed idiomatic phrases (e.g., op den duur or des ochtends).
Derived terms
Descendants
Afrikaans: die
Berbice Creole Dutch: di
Jersey Dutch: de
Skepi Creole Dutch: di, de, the
Preposition
de
(informal, in restricted contexts, mostly with "man") per
Ze namen drie biertjes de man. ― They took three beers per person.
We betaalden vijftien euro de neus. ― We paid fifteen euros per person.
See also
dé
een
het
Anagrams
e.d.
Esperanto
Etymology
From Latindē, Frenchde, Spanishde.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): [de]
Audio:
Hyphenation: de
Preposition
de
from
of, possessed by
done, written or composed by
Synonyms:far, fare de
Fala
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguesede, from Latindē(“of; from”).
Preposition
de
of
Usage notes
When followed by the articles u/o, a, us/os, as; it contracts to du/do, da, dus/dos, das respectively.
References
Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)[7], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN
Faroese
Noun
den (genitive singulardes, pluralde)
The name of the Latin-script letter D.
Declension
See also
(Latin-script letter names)bókstavur; a / fyrra a, á, be, de, edd, e, eff, ge, há, i / fyrra i, í / fyrra í, jodd, ká, ell, emm, enn, o, ó, pe, err, ess, te, u, ú, ve, seinna i, seinna í, seinna a, ø
French
Etymology 1
From Middle Frenchde, from Old Frenchde, from Latindē.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /də/
Rhymes: -ə
Preposition
de
of (expresses belonging)
Paris est la capitale de la France. ― Paris is the capital of France.
of (used to express property or association)
Œuvres de Fermat ― Fermat’s Works
Elle est la femme de mon ami. ― She is my friend’s wife.
le voisin de Gabriel ― Gabriel's neighbor
from (used to indicate origin)
Elle vient de France. ― She comes from France.
Êtes-vous de Suisse ? ― Are you from Switzerland?
Ce fromage vient d’Espagne. ― This cheese is from Spain.
C’est de l’ouest de la France. ― It’s from the west of France.
Le train va de Paris à Bordeaux. ― The train goes from Paris to Bordeaux.
of (indicates an amount)
5 kilos de pommes. ― 5 kilograms of apples.
Un verre de vin ― A glass of wine
Une portion de frites ― A portion of fries
used attributively, often translated into English as a compound word
Un jus de pomme ― Apple juice
Un verre de vin ― A glass of wine
Une boîte de nuit ― A nightclub
Un chien de garde ― A guarddog
Une voiture de sport ― A sportscar
Un stade de football ― A football stadium
from (used to indicate the start of a time or range)
De 9:00 à 11:00 je ne serai pas libre. ― From 9 to 11 I won’t be free.
Je travaille de huit heures à midi. ― I work from 8 o'clock to noon.
un groupe de cinq à huit personnes ― a group of [from] five to eight people
used after certain verbs before an infinitive, often translated into English as a gerund or an infinitive
J’ai arrêté de fumer. ― I stopped smoking.
Il continue de m’embêter. ― He keeps annoying me.
Elle m’a dit de venir. ― She told me to come.
Nous vous exhortons de venir. ― We urge you to come.
by (indicates the amount of change)
Boire trois tasses par jour réduirait de 20 % les risques de contracter une maladie. ― Drinking three cups a day would reduce the risks of catching an illness by 20%.
Usage notes
Before a word beginning with a vowel sound, de elides to d’. Before the article le, it contracts with the article into du. Before the article les, it contracts with the article into des.
Le Songe d’une nuit d’été’ ― A Midsummer Night’s Dream (literally, “The Dream of a night of summer”)
La queue du chien ― The dog’s tail
Index des auteurs ― Index of the authors
Article
de (indefinite)
Used in the plural with prepositioned adjectives.
Ce sont de bons enfants. ― They are good children.
Il y a d’autres exemples. ― There are other examples.
Used in negated sentences with the grammatical object.
Elle n’a pas de mère. ― She doesn’t have a mother.
Il ne mange pas de viande. ― He doesn’t eat meat.
Il n’y a pas de problèmes. ― There are no problems.
Usage notes
In negative sentences, de often replaces the indefinite (un, une and des) and partitive articles (du, de la, des). However, there are situations where the indefinite or partitive articles are retained. For example:
when the nominal element is an attributive complement to the negated verb être
Il n’est pas un menteur. ― He isn't a liar.
when the complement of the negated verb is followed by a contradistinctive element (not X, but Y)
Il ne mange pas de viande. ― He doesn't eat meat.
Il ne mange pas de la viande, mais du pain. ― He doesn't eat meat, but bread.
Derived terms
(contractions):d’, du, des
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /dam/
Noun
def (pluraldes)
Abbreviation of dame.
See also
dlle
sr
References
“de”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé[Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
ed, éd.
Galician
Etymology
From Latindē.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /dɪ/
Preposition
de
of, from
of; -'s(belonging to)
Usage notes
The preposition de contracts to d- before articles, before third-person tonic pronouns, and before the determiners algún and outro.
Derived terms
dalgún, dalgunha, dalgunhas, dalgúns
dun, dunha, dunhas, duns
doutra, doutras, doutro, doutros
Further reading
“de” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
Haitian Creole
Etymology
From Frenchdeux(“two”).
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /de/
Numeral
de
two
Hungarian
Etymology
For the adverbial use, compare Polishale.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): [ˈdɛ]
Rhymes: -dɛ
Adverb
de (not comparable)
how!, very much
Synonyms:(dated, poetic)be, milyen, mennyire
De szép ez a ház! ― Oh, how beautiful that house is!
Conjunction
de
but
Synonyms:viszont, azonban, ám, ugyanakkor, ellenben
(oh) yes!, surely! (used as a positive contradiction to a negative statement)
Synonym:de igen
Nem voltál itt! – De ott voltam. ― You weren’t here! – Yes I was!
Derived terms
See also
Further reading
(adverb): de in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
(conjunction): de in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
de in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
Hunsrik
Alternative forms
te(Wiesemann spelling system)
Etymology
From Middle High Germander, from Old High Germander, ther, replacing the original masculine and feminine nominative forms from Proto-Germanic*sa, by analogy with the adjective inflection.
from (indicating departure, dependency, starting point, origin or derivation)
of (with a noun: indicating measurement, quantity, amount, content)
of (with an adjective: indicating measurement, dimension)
with a title of nobility
Antonyms
ad(“to”)
til(“until, till”)
Derived terms
de-
del(“from the”)
Related terms
di(“of (indicates possession or association)”)
da(“by”)
Noun
de (pluralde-i)
The name of the Latin script letter D/d.
See also
(Latin script letter names) litero; a, be, ce, che, de, e, fe, ge, he, i, je, ke, le, me, ne, o, pe, que, re, se, she, te, u, ve, we, xe, ye, ze(Category: io:Latin letter names)
See also
ek(“out of, out from”)
Indonesian
Etymology
From Dutchdee.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /ˈde/, [ˈde]
Noun
dé
The name of the Latin-script letter D/d.
Synonyms
di(Standard Malay)
See also
(Latin-script letter names)huruf; a, be, ce, de, e, ef, ge, ha, i, je, ka, el, em, en, o, pe, ki, er, es, te, u, ve, we, eks, ye, zet
Further reading
“de” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
(Latin-script letter names)littera; ā, bē, cē, dē, ē, ef, gē, hā / *acca, ī, kā, el, em, en, ō, pē, kū, er, es, tē, ū, ix / īx / ex, ȳ / ī graeca / ȳpsīlon, zēta
References
de in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
de in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
de in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
de in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[10], London: Macmillan and Co.
de in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32: "Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū—each, again, with a long vowel sound."
Etymology 2
From Proto-Italic*dē, from an instrumental singular form of Proto-Indo-European*de. Also in suffixes -dam, -dum, -de, -dō (e.g. quondam, inde, unde, quandō), dōnec, Ancient Greekδέ(dé), δή(dḗ), Englishto.
All 3 ablative senses are from the PIE ablative of cause, origin, and separation.
actumest de aliquo ― It is over for someone, the fate of someone is sealed
De rebus mathematicis. ― Concerning mathematical things.
from, away from, down from, out of; in general to indicate the person or place from which any thing is taken, etc., with verbs of taking away, depriving, demanding, requesting, inquiring, buying; as capere, sumere, emere, quaerere, discere, trahere, etc., and their compounds.
Emere de aliquo. ― To buy from someone.
Aliquid mercari de aliquo. ― To buy something from someone.
De aliquo quaerere, quid, etc., C ― To search for someone.
Saepe hoc audivi de patre. ― I have often heard this from father.
De mausoleo exaudita vox est. ― A voice was heard from the mausoleum.
Ut sibi liceret discere id de me. ― Just as he himself permitted for me to learn.
Hamum de cubiculo ut e navicula jacere. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Brassica de capite et de oculis omnia (mala) deducet. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
De digito anulum detraho. ― From the finger I pull the ring.
De matris complexu aliquem avellere atque abstrahere. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example) (literally, “I rip someone away from the embrace of their mother and drag them away.”)
Nomen suum de tabula sustulit. ― He removed his name from the tablet.
Ferrum de manibus extorsimus. ― We tore the sword from their hands.
Juris utilitas vel a peritis vel de libris depromi potest. ― The utility of a law is able to be produced either from an expert or from books.
De caelo aliquid demittere. ― To bring down something from the sky.
with petere, of a place
De vicino terra petita solo. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
(Late Latin)of persons
Peto de te. ― I beg of thee.
from, away from, to indicate the place from which someone or something departs or withdraws.
Animam de corpore mitto. ― I release the spirit from the body.
Aliquo quom jam sucus de corpore cessit. ― Somehow the spirit has already passed somewhere from the body.
Civitati persuasit, ut de finibus suis cum omnibus copiis exirent. ― He persuaded the people to go forth from their territories with all their possessions.
Decedere de provincia. ― To retire from office.
De vita decedere. ― To withdraw from life
Exire de vita. ― to exit out of life. (compare excedere e vita)
De triclinio, de cubiculo exire. ― To go out from the triclinium, from the cubiculum.
De castris procedere. ― To proceed out of the military camps.
...decido de lecto praeceps. ― I fall down from the bed headlong.
De muro se deicere. ― To throw oneself down from the wall.
De sella exsilire. ― To jump from the stool.
Nec ex equo vel de muro etc., hostem destinare. ― To aim at the enemy from neither the horse nor the wall.
De altera parte tertia Sequanos decedere juberet. ― He ordered the Sequani to withdraw from another third part.
(particularly coins) over, in reference to the people subjugated when celebrating a Roman victory
Usage notes
Dē denotes the going out, departure, removal, or separating of an object from any fixed point (it occupies a middle place between ab(“away from”) which denotes a mere external departure, and ex(“out of”) which signifies from the interior of a thing). Hence verbs compounded with dē are constructed not only with dē, but quite as frequently with ab and ex; and, on the other hand, those compounded with ab and ex often have the terminus a quo indicated by dē.
of the, from the (followed by a plural feminine noun)
Louisiana Creole
Etymology
Inherited from Frenchdeux(“two”).
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /dø/
Rhymes: -ø
Numeral
de
Alternative form of dé(“two”)
Low German
Alternative forms
dee(for the pronoun)
dei
de, dé(´ denoting a raising of the voice), dè(` denoting a swallow up or shorting)(all three used together; Grafschaft Bentheim)
Etymology
From Middle Low Germandê, from Old Saxonthē.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /deː/, /deɪ/, /dɛɪ̯/
Article
dem or f (neuterdat, pluralde)
the
De Mann gat hen. ― The man walks [lit. goes] there.
De Fru geiht hen. ― The woman walks [lit. goes] there.
dat Sakramänt der Eihe (Paderbornisch) ― the sacrament of marriage
Usage notes
Dative and accusative are sometimes called 'object case'. However, most (if not all) dialects have not actually merged these two.
There is the only plural article and like English 'the' is used for nouns of every gender and class. Indefinite nouns in plural are used without article, again as in English.
Declension
Pronoun
dem or f (neuterdat)
(relative) which, that
de Mann, de dår güng ― the man, which walked there
de Mann, den wi hüert häbben ― the man, which we hired
de Fru, de wi hüert hębben ― the woman, which we have hired
dat Schipp, dat wi sailt hębben ― the ship that we have sailed
Usage notes
The use as a relative pronoun might not be present in all dialects.
Declension
Luxembourgish
Pronunciation
IPA(key): [də]
Pronoun
de
unstressed form of du
Declension
Mandarin
Romanization
de (de5/de0, Zhuyin˙ㄉㄜ)
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 地
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 底
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 得
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 的
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 脦
Hanyu Pinyin reading of 𠵨
Hanyu Pinyin reading of の
Romanization
de
Nonstandard spelling of dē.
Nonstandard spelling of dé.
Nonstandard spelling of dè.
Nonstandard spelling of dê̄.
Usage notes
Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Mauritian Creole
Etymology
From Frenchdeux.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /de/
Numeral
de
two
Derived terms
de trwa
Middle Dutch
Article
de
inflection of die:
masculine nominative singular
feminine nominative/accusative singular
nominative/accusative plural
Middle English
Etymology 1
Pronoun
de
Alternative form of þe(“thee”)
Etymology 2
Noun
de
Alternative form of dee
Middle French
Preposition
de
of
from
Mirandese
Etymology
From Latindē.
Preposition
de
of, from
Pertual ye un paíç localizado ne l sudoeste de la Ouropa. ― Portugal is a country located in the south-west of Europe.
Mòcheno
Etymology
From Middle High Germandiu, from Old High Germandiu, from Proto-Germanic*þō, an alteration of *sō. Cognate with Germandie, obsolete Englishtho.
“de” in Cimbrian, Ladin, Mòcheno: Getting to know 3 peoples. 2015. Servizio minoranze linguistiche locali della Provincia autonoma di Trento, Trento, Italy.
Northern Kurdish
Postposition
de
an element of several circumpositions
Related terms
di ... de
li ... de
ji ... de
Northern Ndebele
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu*-dàì.
Adjective
-de
tall
Inflection
Northern Sami
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
(Kautokeino) IPA(key): /ˈte/
Conjunction
de
then, after that
then, in that case
Further reading
Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages[12], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
Adverb
de
yes
Norwegian Bokmål
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /diː/
Article
de
definite article, equivalent to "the", used before adjectives used with plural nouns; also used before adjectives converted to nouns. Usually capitalised as "De" when used in proper nouns.
Related terms
den
det
Pronoun
de (accusativedem, genitivederes)
they
those
See also
References
“de” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology 1
From Old Norseþér, ér and þit, it. From a variant of Proto-Germanic*jūz, from Proto-Indo-European*yū́.
Alternative forms
dokker
di, did(dialectal and/or nonstandard)
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /deː/, /diː/
Pronoun
de (objective casedykk, possessivedykkar)
you (second-person plural)
Synonyms
dokker
See also
Etymology 2
From Frenchde, Latindē.
Preposition
de
used in set expressions (such as de jure); translates to "from" and "of"
Etymology 3
Pronoun
de
(Midlandsnormalen or eye dialect)alternative spelling of detn(“that, it”)
Article
den
(Midlandsnormalen or eye dialect)alternative spelling of detn(“that, it”)
Etymology 4
Pronoun
de
(dialectal or eye dialect, Trøndelag, Eastern Norway)pronunciation spelling of deg
References
“de” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
“de” in Ivar Aasen (1873) Norsk Ordbog med dansk Forklaring
Ivar Aasen (1850) chapter DID, in Ordbog over det norske Folkesprog[13] (in Danish), Oslo: Samlaget, published 2000
Nupe
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /dē/
Verb
de
to have
Mi de etun à ― I don't have a job
Occitan
Etymology 1
Inherited from Latindē.
Preposition
de
of
from
Alternative forms
d'(before a vowel)
Etymology 2
Noun
def (pluraldes)
dee (the letter d, D)
Old French
Etymology
Latindē.
Preposition
de
of
from
Usage notes
before a vowel, either remains as a separate word or becomes d'
Derived terms
del (de + le)
des (de + les)
Descendants
Middle French: de
French: de
Old Galician-Portuguese
Alternative forms
d- (elided form when followed by a word which begins with a vowel)
D- (elided form when followed by a capitalised word which begins with a vowel)
Etymology
From Latindē(“of; from”).
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /de/
Preposition
de
of
Eſta ·xviiii· é como ſṫa maria aiudou · á emperadriz de roma · a ſofrer as grãdes coitaſ per que paſſou.
This 19th is how Holy Mary helped the empress of Rome suffer the great pains she underwent.
Descendants
Fala: de
Galician: de
Portuguese: de
Old Irish
Pronunciation
IPA(key): [dʲe]
Preposition
de
Alternative form of di(“of, from”)
c.845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 26b7
Pronoun
de
third-person singular masculine/neuter of di(“of, from”)
c.845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 26b7
Used after the comparative degree of an adjective in the meaning of English “the” before a comparative
lía de ― the more (literally, “more of it”)
c.800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 23d23
Old Occitan
Etymology
From Latindē.
Preposition
de
of
from
Pennsylvania German
Etymology
Compare Germanden.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /də/
Article
depl (definite)
dative plural of der(“the”)
Declension
Pronoun
de
you
Declension
Phalura
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /de/
Verb
de (auxiliary, Perso-Arabic spellingدےۡ)
Past tense marker
References
Liljegren, Henrik, Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)[14], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
Polish
Etymology
From the first letter of dupa.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /dɛ/
Rhymes: -ɛ
Syllabification: de
Noun
den (indeclinable)
(minced oath) ass, arse, butt
Further reading
de in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Portuguese
Alternative forms
d'(archaic, except for fixed terms)
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguesede(“of”), from Latindē(“of”).
Pronunciation
(Nordestino) IPA(key): /di/
(Caipira) IPA(key): /di/
Hyphenation: de
Preposition
de
of (in relation to)
of (forms compounds; often untranslated)
of; about (on the subject of)
of; -'s (belonging to)
-'s (made by)
of (being a part of)
of (introduces the month a given day is part of)
of (introduces the object of an agent noun)
of (introduces the name of a place following its hypernym)
of; -en (made or consisting of)
-long (having the duration of)
of (indicates the composition of a given collective or quantitative noun)
of (characterised by; having the given quality)
of (introduces the noun that applies a given adjective or past participle)
from (born in or coming out of)
by means of; by
as (in the role of)
in (wearing)
Usage notes
When followed by an article, a pronoun, a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, or an adverb denoting location, de is combined with the next word to give the following combined forms:
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:de.
Romanian
Alternative forms
де(de) — post-1930s Cyrillic spelling
dă, di — dialectal
Etymology
From Latindē.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /de/
Rhymes: -e
Conjunction
de
(informal or literary)Synonym of dacă(“if”)
(with the optative mood) if only
(informal) to the effect that
Synonyms:încât, (informal)că
(archaic) while (whereas, despite the fact that)
Synonyms:chiar dacă, deși, cu toate că
Usage notes
In the meaning of “if”, de is not typically directly followed by any word other than a verb, a pronoun (accusative or reflexive, but not nominative) or the word nu(“no”). The more common and style-neutral dacă is under no such restrictions.
As an informal synonym of încât, de can only be used in simple constructions and without any coordinative adverbs (atât, așa). Thus, it can be used in the sentence Vântul bate de ridică praful(“The wind blows [so hard] it raises dust”), but not if the first half were Vântul bate atât de tare. Conversely, încât and că would not be used in such simple sentences.
Preposition
de (+accusative)
of
(only before spatial adverbs and prepositions)Indicates source of motion or origin: from
(with adverbs of time, precisely referenced time-related nouns, or prepositions or conjunctions of time) of, from, ’s
for (intended for a certain destination)
Introduces a measure or a measurable or describable trait: of
Introduces the doer of a passive verb or participle: by.
Introduces the author of a work: by.
Connects a cardinal numeral who is a multiple of 100 or whose tens are greater than 1 to the determinated noun.
Connects most adverbs other than certain basic ones to the determinated adjectives or adverbs.
Follows certain adverbs of position (as well as the temporal adverb înainte) to form prepositional phrases.
Marks the point of action of a force of grip: by.
(informal outside certain constructions; regarding physical or mental states or traits of living beings) for, because of, out of
Synonyms:de la(colloquial), din cauza
(informal, chiefly in the negative)Indicates the cause of a hindrance, physical or otherwise: because of
Forms an adverbial numeral with ori or dăți.
Precedes numbers and letters when they are themselves counted.
(after indications of position or before numerals, time coordinates, or the word atât) than
Synonym:decât(mutually exclusive in use)
Marks the starting point of a state or recurring event: since, starting, as of.
de acum încolo ― from now on
Marks the duration of a state or recurring event persisting to the present: for, in
(only of festive dates) on
Synonym:pe(of regular dates)
(informal)Synonym of despre(“about, of”)
(informal)Connects an often negative qualifier to a noun or pronoun: of a.
Aici stă un nesuferit de moș. ― Here lives a jerk of an old man.
Prostul de mine, am uitat. ― Foolish me, I forgot.
Stands between two repetitions of a unit of time to mark it as an interval of regular repetition: by.
zi de zi ― day by day, daily
an de an ― year by year, annualy
(colloquial)Stands between two reduplications of a noun, with the resulting construction signifying that said noun is distinguished in its class in an impressive way.
Indicates a specific train by its origin station.
Indicates the recipients of an equal distribution: per.
Usage notes
In the sense of “from”, de must contract into în(“in”) to form din, into între(“between”) to form dintre, and analogously into all adverbs derived from în. The combination de la is lexicalised.
When in a passive construction, de can be followed by către for clarification and to no change in meaning. This is typical of, but not restricted to, formal language.
The de that connects numerals to nouns may be omitted, but only in very formal, financial or legal language.
Of the constructions using de to mean “because of”, those that are not restricted to colloquial language are those referring to common bodily states: de foame(“because of hunger”), de sete(“because of thirst”), de frig(“because of cold”), de cald(“because of heat”), de frică(“for fear”), de somn(“for lack of sleep”), as well as with the name of any disease. Informally, an optional correlative sentence can be added using the connector ce.
This meaning of de is very similar to one of the senses of de la. Most of the time, however, they are not interchangeable:
De can precede either a noun or an adjective, whereas de la only precedes nouns.
When preceding nouns, a cause introduced by de generally represents a feeling that is experienced, while the cause introduced by de la generally represents an event or an activity that worked to lead to a result in a manner understood by itself. Compare de oboseală(“out of exhaustion”) with de la alergat(“from all the running around”, which is understood to have led to exhaustion).
The previous point can be disregarded if the determiner atâta(“so much”) is prepended to the noun, in which case de is valid either way: de atâta alergat(“from so much running around”).
De is more likely to have negative connotations than de la.
In the sense of “about”, it can only be used after a verb, and not copulatively (“is about”) or after a noun (“a discussion about”). Despre, however, can be used in any of these situations.
Derived terms
cum de
de abia
de altfel
de asemenea
de ce
de culoare
de cum
de departe
de fapt
de față
de la
de minune
demult
de obicei
de parcă
departe
de rând
desigur
deși
de toate
de tot
deoarece
de unde
de unul singur
din
dintre
Pronoun
dem or f or n (indeclinable)
(informal or regional)Relative pronoun: who, whom, to whom.
Synonym:care
Usage notes
De can replace any form of care in the nominative, accusative and dative case.
Nominative: omul care a sosit — omul de a sosit(“The man who arrived”)
Accusative: casa pe care o văd — casa de o văd(“the house which I see”)
Dative: unul căruia i-am plătit — unul de i-am plătit(“one to whom I paid”)
Genitive constructions cannot be expressed with de.
Replacement of accusative care preceded by a preposition is done with a resumption of the object: filmul la care ne-am uitat — filmul de ne-am uitat la el(“the film we watched”). Stylistically this is much less desirable.
References
de in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
de (third-person plural nominative, dative and accusativedem, genitivederas, reflexivesig)
they
Misspelling of dem.
Usage notes
In most dialects, de(“they”) and dem(“them”) are no longer distinguished in speech. They are regularly mixed up in writing by native speakers, due to lack of grammatical intuition. The article de is often mixed up with dem as well.
Declension
Article
de
the, a definite article used in the beginning of noun phrases containing attributive adjectives and nouns in the plural. This article is used together with the definite suffix of the noun to indicate the definiteness of the noun phrase.
de gröna bilarna ― the green cars
Usage notes
The usage notes for den explain how to express "the [adjective] [noun]."
The same type of noun phrases with singular nouns instead use den (common gender) or det (neuter) for this function. Some definite noun phrases with attributive adjectives may skip these preceding articles. This is the case especially for many lexicalized noun phrases and also for many noun phrases working as proper names of organisations, geographical places, TV shows, events and similar.
While the personal pronoun de has an object form and a genitive form, the definite article de is unaffected by the syntactic role of the noun phrase.
Related terms
de här
Etymology 2
From the common pronunciation of this word.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /deː/
Homophones: det, D, d
Pronoun
de
(colloquial, text messaging, Internet)Pronunciation spelling of det.
Article
de
(colloquial, text messaging, Internet)Pronunciation spelling of det.
References
den in Svensk ordbok (SO)
den in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
den in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams
e.d., ed
Tabaru
Pronunciation
IPA(key): [de]
Conjunction
de
coordinating conjunction between two nouns: and
'o 'esa de 'o dea ― mother and father
coordinating conjunction between two clauses: and
'una wigogama de witirine ― he is feverish and he trembles
References
Edward A. Kotynski (1988) “Tabaru phonology and morphology”, in Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session, volume 32, Summer Institute of Linguistics
Tagalog
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /de/, [dɛ]
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Spanishde(“of”).
Preposition
de (Baybayin spellingᜇᜒ)
(archaic) of (now only used in derived forms)
Synonym:ng
See also
de-
Etymology 2
From Spanishde, the Spanish name of the letter D/d.
Noun
de (Baybayin spellingᜇᜒ)
(historical)the name of the Latin-script letter D,in the Abecedario.
Synonyms:(in the Filipino alphabet)di, (in the Abakada alphabet)da
Further reading
Panganiban, José Villa (1973) Diksyunaryo-Tesauro Pilipino-Ingles, Quezon City: Manlapaz Publishing Co., page 360
Tarantino
Preposition
de
of
Tok Pisin
Etymology
From Englishday.
Noun
de
day
Related terms
asde
gude
hapasde
olde
olde olde
pede
sande
seven de
tede
tude
See also
(days of the week) oldebilongwik; Mande, Tunde, Trinde, Fonde, Fraide, Sarere, Sande(Category: tpi:Days of the week)
Turkish
Alternative forms
da(after front vowels)
Pronunciation
IPA(key): (standard)/dɛ/, [d̪ɛ]
IPA(key): (colloquial)/‿dɛ/, [‿d̪ɛ]
Etymology 1
From Ottoman Turkishده(da, de, “conj. also, and, moreover, again”), from Proto-Turkic*tākı(“conj. and”).
Conjunction
de
as well, too, also
Özer de sorunun yanıtını biliyor. ― Özer also knows the answer of the question.
Berker de bizimle geliyor. ― Berker is coming with us as well.
Herkes iddia ediyor ki boyum uzamış da ben fark etmiyorum. ― Everyone claims that I've gotten taller however I don't really notice it.
Usage notes
Complies with vowel harmony; takes the form da with vowels "a, ı, o, u" and de with vowels "e, i, ö, ü."
Although generally linked with the word before in conversations, the Turkish Language Association accepts the joined spelling of the word before with "de" as a misspelling.
Etymology 2
Verb
de
second-person singular imperative of demek
Etymology 3
Noun
de
The name of the Latin-script letter D.
See also
(Latin script letter names) harf; a, be, ce, çe, de, e, fe, ge, yumuşak ge, he, ı, i, je, ke, le, me, ne, o, ö, pe, re, se, şe, te, u, ü, ve, ye, ze (Category: tr:Latin letter names)
References
Further reading
"Bağlaç Olan da, de’nin Yazılışı" - at TDK Sözlük
Volapük
Preposition
de
of, from
Welsh
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /deː/
Rhymes: -eː
Etymology 1
Contraction of older deau(“right; south”), from Proto-Celtic*dexswos(“right”). Cognate with Cornishdyhow, Bretondehou, Irishdeas, Scottish Gaelicdeas, Manxjiass.
The sense "south" comes from the fact that the south is on the right-hand side of a person facing east. Compare the relationship between cledd(“left”) and gogledd(“north”).
Adjective
de (feminine singularde, pluralde, not comparable)
right (opposite of left)
south, southern (abbreviation: D)
Derived terms
Môr y De(“the South Sea”)
Pegwn y De(“the South Pole”)
Noun
dem or f (uncountable)
right
south
(as y De, when in Wales) South Wales
Usage notes
The noun has masculine gender when used with the sense of "south" and feminine gender when used with the sense "right".
Mutation
Antonyms
(antonym(s) of "south"):gogledd
(antonym(s) of "right"):chwith
Derived terms
de-ddwyrain(“south-east”)
de-orllewin(“south-west”)
See also
(compass points)
References
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
de
Soft mutation of te.
Mutation
West Frisian
Etymology
Compare Dutch and Low German de, English the, German der.
Determiner
de
the; definite article
Ik hâld de boek. ― I'm holding the book.
Usage notes
After one-syllable prepositions ending in a consonant, the variant 'e is used.
Inflection
Common singular: de
Neuter singular: it
Plural: de
Further reading
“de”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
West Makian
Etymology
Possibly related to the stem found in Ternatengori.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /d̪e/
Pronoun
de (possessive prefixti)
first-person singular pronoun, I
See also
References
Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[16], Pacific linguistics
Wyandot
Etymology
cf. Mohawkne.
Article
de
the
Xhosa
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu*-dàì.
Adjective
-de
tall
Inflection
Ye'kwana
Pronunciation
IPA(key): [de]
Particle
de
expresses frustration
References
Cáceres, Natalia (2011) “de”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana[17], Lyon
Yoruba
Alternative forms
دعِ
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /dè/
Verb
dè
(transitive) to tie down, to constrain
Mo dè é lọ́wọ́ àti lẹ́sẹ̀ ― I tied him on both his hands and legs
to embroider
Mo de ọrùn aṣọ náà ― I embroided the neck of the clothes
Usage notes
de when coming before a direct object
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /dè/
Verb
dè
(intransitive) to deputize, to hold a position for someone temporarily
Ó ń de ipò fún mi ― He was deputizing my position for me
Usage notes
Usually used with the word ipò(“position”)
de when coming before a direct object
Derived terms
Etymology 3
Cognate with Igaladè.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /dè/
Verb
dè
(transitive) to await, to wait for
Mo jókòó dè é ― I sat down and waited for him
Usage notes
de when coming before a direct object noun
Used as a verb-second element
Etymology 4
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /dé/
Verb
dé
(intransitive, copulative) to arrive
A ti dé ― We have arrived
(transitive) to attain, to reach a particular point
Derived terms
Preposition
dé
up to, as far as
Ó gùn títí dé Èkó ― It stretched to as far as Lagos
Etymology 5
Cognate with Igaladé.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /dé/
Verb
dé
(transitive) to cover, to wear a hat
Derived terms
Zande
Noun
de
woman
Zealandic
Etymology
An unstressed variety of Middle Dutchdie.
Determiner
de
the (definite article)
Inflection
Masculine: de, d'n(before b, d, t or a vowel)
Feminine: de
Neuter: 't
Plural: de
Zhuang
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Proto-Zhuang-Tai *te.A?”)
Pronunciation
(Standard Zhuang) IPA(key): /te˨˦/
Tone numbers: de1
Hyphenation: de
Pronoun
de (Sawndip forms他or𬿇or𭶼or爹or佚or𰂡, 1957–1982 spellingde)
he; she; it
See also
Zulu
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu*-dàì. The expected reflex would be -le, however it was changed due to analogy with its class 8, 9, and 10 forms (zinde, inde, zinde).
Adjective
-de
long
tall, high
Inflection
Derived terms
-dana
ubude
Verb
-de
(auxiliary) always [+participial]
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
References
C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “-dé”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “-dé”
C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “-de”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “-de”