From Dutchzal, singular of zullen, from Middle Dutchsullen, from Old Dutch*sulan, from Proto-West Germanic*skulan, from Proto-Germanic*skulaną.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /sal/
Verb
sal (presentsal, pastsou)
shall, will
Aragonese
Etymology
From Latinsal.
Noun
salf
salt
References
Bal Palazios, Santiago (2002) “sal”, in Dizionario breu de a luenga aragonesa, Zaragoza, →ISBN
Asturian
Etymology
From Latinsalem.
Noun
salm (pluralsales)
salt
Azerbaijani
Pronunciation
IPA(key): [sɑɫ]
Etymology 1
From Proto-Turkic*sāl.
Noun
sal (definite accusativesalı, pluralsallar)
raft (wooden)
Declension
Etymology 2
Likely from Proto-Turkic*sal-(“throw, lower, put; heavy”); see Azerbaijanisalmaq.
Noun
sal (definite accusativesalı, pluralsallar)
monolith (a large, single block of stone)
Declension
Adjective
sal (comparativedaha sal, superlativeən sal)
whole, unbroken, of one piece
Verb
sal
second-person singular imperative of salmaq
Etymology 3
Borrowed from Persianسال.
Noun
sal (definite accusativesalı, pluralsallar)
(Classical Azerbaijani) year
Synonyms:il, sənə, am
Declension
Further reading
“sal” in Obastan.com.
Catalan
Etymology
Inherited from Old Catalansal, from Latinsāl.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencian)[ˈsal]
Noun
salf (pluralsals)
salt
Related terms
salar
References
“sal” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
“sal”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
“sal” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
“sal” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Chairel
Noun
sal
sun
References
W. McCulloch, Account of the Valley of Munnipore and of the Hill tribes with a comparative vocabulary of the Munnipore and other languages (1859, Calcutta: Bengal Printing Company)
Chavacano
Etymology
Inherited from Spanishsal(“salt”).
Noun
sal
salt
Danish
Etymology
From Old Norsesalr, from Proto-Germanic*saliz, cognate with GermanSaal, Dutchzaal. The Germanic word was borrowed to Frenchsalon.
Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguesesal, from Latinsalem. Compare Portuguesesal.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): [s̺al]
Noun
salm (pluralsales)
salt
Derived terms
saleiro
Related terms
As Saíñas
References
“sal” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
“sal” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
“sal” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
“sal” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
“sal” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Garo
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
sal
sun, day, daytime
a 24 hour period
weather
classifier for days
Guinea-Bissau Creole
Etymology
Inherited from Portuguesesal, from Old Galician-Portuguesesal, from Latinsalem. Cognate with Kabuverdianusal.
Noun
sal
salt
Icelandic
Noun
sal
indefinite accusative singular of salur
indefinite dative singular of salur
Indonesian
Etymology
From Dutchzaal, from Middle Dutchsale, from Old Dutchsala, from Proto-West Germanic*sali, from Proto-Germanic*saliz, from Proto-Indo-European*sol-, *sel-(“human settlement, village, dwelling”). Cognate of Afrikaanssaal(“hall, large room”).
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /sal/
Noun
sal (first-person possessivesalku, second-person possessivesalmu, third-person possessivesalnya)
a large room, hall
(healthcare, medicine)ward
Synonyms
bangsal
Further reading
“sal” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Interlingua
Noun
sal (pluralsales)
salt(substance consisting of positive and negative ions)
Inherited from Portuguesesal, from Old Galician-Portuguesesal, from Latinsalem. Cognate with Guinea-Bissau Creolesal.
Noun
sal
salt
Proper noun
sal
(Sal) Sal
One of the ten islands of Cape Verde
Karaim
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic*sāl.
Noun
sal
raft
References
N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “sal”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic*sāls, from Proto-Indo-European*séh₂ls.
Cognates include Sanskritसर(sará), Old Armenianաղ(ał), Ancient Greekἅλς(háls), Tocharian Asāle, Old Englishsealt (English salt), Proto-Slavic*solь and borrowed into Etruscan𐌀𐌋𐌑𐌀𐌔𐌄(alśase).
Sāl is occasionally found as a neuter noun in the singular. The gender is observable only from agreement in the nominative case, and from agreement and the use of sāl (neuter) vs. salem (masculine) in the accusative case. The neuter nominative and accusative singular form can alternatively be sale, e.g. in Ennius Ann. 385 and Varro d. Non. 223, 17. In the nominative and accusative plural, the word is found only in the masculine gender, with the form salēs.
Declension
Third-declension noun.
Derived terms
salō
salio
sāl petrae (stone salt; that is, found as an incrustation)
Descendants
References
“sal”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“sal”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
sal in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Maltese
Etymology
From Arabicصَالَ(ṣāla).
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /saːl/
Verb
sal (imperfectjsul, past participlemisul)
to rear up
Conjugation
Middle Dutch
Verb
sal
first/third-person singular present indicative of sullen
From Proto-West Germanic*sail, from Proto-Germanic*sailą(“rope”).
Cognate with Old Saxonsēl (Dutchzeel), Old High Germanseil (GermanSeil).
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /sɑːl/
Noun
sālm
rope, cord, rein
Declension
Descendants
Middle English: sal, sole, soole
Scots: sale, saill, saile, seill, seale
English: sole
Old Galician-Portuguese
Etymology
Inherited from Latinsalem. Cognate with Old Spanishsalf and Old Frenchselm.
Noun
salm
salt
Descendants
Galician: salm
Portuguese: salm (see there for further descendants)
Further reading
Universo Cantigas - "sal"
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic*salā.
Noun
salf (genitivesaile)
dirt
filth, stain
c.800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 92d12
Inflection
Related terms
salach
Descendants
Irish: sail
Scottish Gaelic: sal
Mutation
References
Further reading
G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “sal”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old Norse
Noun
sal
accusative/dative singular of salr
Old Spanish
Etymology
Inherited from Latinsalemm. Cognate with Old Galician-Portuguesesalm and Old Frenchselm.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /ˈsal/
Noun
salf (pluralsales)
salt
Related terms
salado
salgadumbre
salgadura
Descendants
Spanish: salf (see there for further descendants)
Piedmontese
Etymology
From Latinsalem.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /sal/
Noun
salm or f
salt
Portuguese
Pronunciation
Rhymes: (Portugal)-al, (Brazil)-aw
Hyphenation: sal
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguesesal, from Latinsalem(“salt, wit”). Compare Galiciansal.
Noun
salm (pluralsais)
salt (sodium chloride, a substance used as a condiment and preservative)
Synonyms:cloreto de sódio, sal de cozinha
(chemistry) salt (any compound formed from the reaction of an acid with a base)
(usually in the plural) bath salt (any of several inorganic salts sometimes added to bath water)
Synonym:sal de banho
(figurative) wit; the quality of being engaging
Synonym:graça
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
Guinea-Bissau Creole: sal
Kabuverdianu: sal
Etymology 2
Noun
salm (pluralsais)
(rare)sal(Shorea robusta, a dipterocarpaceous tree)
Rohingya
Alternative forms
𐴏𐴝𐴓𐴢(sal) — Hanifi Rohingya script
Noun
sal (Hanifi spelling𐴏𐴝𐴓𐴢)
roof
Romanian
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkishشال (Turkishşal, from Persianشال(šâl).
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /sal/
Noun
saln (pluralsaluri)
(rare) shawl, scarf
Synonym:șal
Declension
Etymology 2
Shortened form of salut.
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /sa(ː)l/
Interjection
sal!
(informal) hey!
Synonym:salut
(informal) bye!
Synonyms:salut, pa
Romansch
Alternative forms
sel(Puter)
Etymology
From Latinsalem.
Noun
salm
(Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Vallader) salt
Spanish
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /ˈsal/[ˈsal]
Rhymes: -al
Syllabification: sal
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old Spanishsal, from Latinsalem (compare Catalansalf, Frenchselm, Italiansalem, Portuguesesalm, Romaniansaref; also Englishsalt). It is not known how the noun became feminine.
Noun
salf (pluralsales)
salt; table salt
Synonyms:sal común, sal de mesa
(chemistry) salt
(Central America, Mexico, Dominican Republic) bad luck, misfortune
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
→ Navajo: sáál
Papiamentu: salu
→ Ye'kwana: saayu
Etymology 2
Verb
sal
second-person singular imperative of salir
Further reading
“sal”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Sumerian
Romanization
sal
Romanization of 𒊩(sal)
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Norsesalr, from Proto-Germanic*saliz, from Proto-Indo-European*sol-, *sel-.
Pronunciation
Noun
salc
a large room, a hall (often for more-or-less public activities)
Declension
Related terms
hörsal
läsesal
matsal
References
sal in Svensk ordbok (SO)
sal in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
sal in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams
als
Tat
Etymology
Cognate with Persianسال(sāl).
Noun
sal
year
Tocharian B
Adjective
sal
dirty
Turkish
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /sɑɫ/
Etymology 1
From Ottoman Turkishصال(sal, “raft; wine press”), from Proto-Turkic*sāl(“raft”). Cognate with Kazakhсал(sal).
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
sal (definite accusativesalı, pluralsallar)
raft
Etymology 2
From Ottoman Turkishسل(sal, sel), from Arabicسَلَّ(salla, “to draw, to unsheathe”).
Verb
sal
second-person singular imperative of salmak
References
Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “sal”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum[2], Vienna, column 2647